Annotated Bibliography On Critical Thinking - 1263 Words

ASSESSMENT 2: Annotated Bibliography Introduction This annotated bibliography has reviewed four journal articles or book chapters, three of which are related to a specific topic, and one related to critical thinking in business (see Reference list for full details of the source). The following paper contains annotations and a critical analysis of the published work. Annotations and Critical Analysis Professor Thomas K. Donaldson taught at Australian National University for years. In his article, he made argument of the objection against the workplace democracy for the reasons that the conflicts between the democratic environment and the private discretion that always accompanies the discharge of responsibilities are not resolvable and enforceable. Solutions are then raised as ‘perfect-market argument’ and the ‘social-power argument.’ The former idea turned out to be not proper with the illustration that perfect–market is undesirable for the democratic nature. Besides, the explanation of the relation between ‘the private and the public’ contributes to the wrong direction of ‘perfect-market argument’ in the application of workplace democracy. Meanwhile, the writer hold the opinion that the social power argument may play insignificant role in the compensation of the democracy when making decision in the business. It may be valid but the modern theory could be unhelpful in terms of the solutions for lack of democracy in workplace (Donaldson, 1994). Hence, the major issueShow MoreRelatedcritical thinking - annotated bibliography1137 Words   |  5 PagesANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Abercrombie, S. (1990). A philosophy of interior design. New York; Harper Row. The rationalization of how interior design can be affected by the design thinking process is imperative to the comprehension of how interior design itself affects the psychological wellbeing of the end user. Abercrombie considers that conceptualization of the overall desired result is necessary as a starting point, rather than part by part. This human-centered umbrella approach is significantRead MoreGen 499 General Education Capstone Entire Course980 Words   |  4 PagesResume and Cover Letter GEN 499 Week 2 Assignment Critiquing Internet Sources GEN 499 Week 3 DQ 1 Social Capital GEN 499 Week 3 DQ 2 Federal Policy GEN 499 Week 3 Assignment Annotated Bibliography GEN 499 Week 4 DQ 1 Call to Action GEN 499 Week 4 DQ 2 Final Research Paper Progress GEN 499 Week 4 Critical Thinking Quiz GEN 499 Week 5 DQ 1 Technology and Globalization GEN 499 Week 5 DQ 2 Reflecting on General Education GEN 499 Week 5 Assignment Final Research Paper GEN 499 General EducationRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Teaching And Teaching846 Words   |  4 PagesPaper-Annotated Bibliography Brittani Thomas Liberty University: EDUC 500 September 22, 2015 Customized Learning Theory Paper-Annotated Bibliography Hudgins, B.B., Riesenmy, M.R. (1994). Teaching self-direction to enhance children’s thinking in physical science. Journal of Educational Research, 88(1), 15. This article focused on the constant debate concerning the conditions in which students develop the skill of thinking critically. Being able to use critical thinking requiresRead MoreI Am A Foreign, Learning A Language, And An Argumentative Essay988 Words   |  4 PagesThe second reason is that it will help me improve my writing skills that i will need throughout my college years and the future. Throughout the semester, I have written a plethora of essays such as a rhetorical analysis, comparative review, annotated bibliography, exploratory, and an argumentative essay. Since it is my first time writing these types of essays, I struggled at first trying to figure out how to start the essays; however, our professor assisted us and showed us sample essays that helpRead MoreCritical Thinking And Critical Writing Essay1759 Words   |  8 Pagesclasses that I have taken so far in my academic career. There were many elements of the pre-writing process introduced during the past sixteen weeks, such as writing a preliminary draft and annotated bibliography, that I have never been exposed to before. The critical reading, critical thinking, and critical writing process in this course definitely stretched me as a writer and student. There were three writing styles practiced during this course along with three different genres. The first paperRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Reflection1032 Words   |  5 Pagessupport my ideas or beliefs. Even though this can be time consuming it is well worth it to have a lot of support and evidence to back my ideas or beliefs on a topic. Throughout this semester I have more of a general knowledge on rhetorical goals, critical reading and writing skills, my processes on how to write a paper, and learning a new way of creating an idea through electronical environments. Each assignment was different in the manner of finding appropriate information to compose ideas andRead MoreThe Museum Of The Civil Rights Movement873 Words   |  4 Pages The final exhibit in the museum of the Civil Rights Movement involves all levels of the critical thinking process as laid out by Reichenbach (2001). The six main parts of critical thinking also link to the Bloom’s Taxonomy levels, thus move students from review of knowledge all the way through the evaluation process. Students will use multiple different activities and teacher chosen groups in order to move seamlessly through the learning process (Carr Bertrando, 2012). The learning unit will endRead MoreAssignment : Evidence Based Practice, Research, And Quality Improvement1431 Words   |  6 Pagesfeasibility, appropriateness, meaningfulness, and effectiveness. Evidence-Based Practice, Research, and Quality Improvement Processes These elements are foundational to the Magnet Recognition Program of the American Nurses Credentialing Center and are critical for attainment of the designation (Melnyk Fineout-Overholt, 2011, p. 10). These terms are inter-related in function, but have been clearly differentiated in an article by Brian Conner, PhD, RN, CNE (Connor, 2014). Connor defined research as a toolRead MoreBibliography Of An Annotated Bibliography1512 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to display my knowledge of constructing an annotated bibliography. This annotated bibliography consists of the five articles from journal set A. The annotation covers evidence based practices and issues with the field of psychology such as lack of services, cost and, quality of care. Each annotation addresses the strength of the article, the purpose of the article, the relevance to the field of psychology and its uniqueness. The paper is a very brief synopsis of the articleRead MoreCritical Reading And Writing Of The Discipline864 Words   |  4 Pages Critical Reading and Writing in the Discipline (FOUN1019) is a yearlong course designed to improve and develop students’ cognitive, analytical and rhetorical skills. It thereby provides students with the requisite skills to truly join the scholarly arena and become academic writers. I enrolled in the FOUN1019 course with the assumption that I would become more proficient in English Language and a more eloquent communicator. I anticipated that the course would be challenging like many other

Entrepreneurship Risk, Rewards, And Reality - 1456 Words

There is a difference between science and the marketplace; however, the distance between the two is getting smaller and almost completely gone because of entrepreneurship. In the article â€Å"Entrepreneurship Risk, Rewards, and Reality† by Timothy W. Scales, the author goes over key points about small business like development, growth, and secession. Scales focus on experiences that relate to an accomplished and an unaccomplished entrepreneur. Scales say that if an idea can become entrepreneurial, it can be big or small. Entrepreneurship is the key to innovation and growth. Since the 1970s, scholars knew that entrepreneurship was the source of innovation and economic growth. The encouragement of innovation is just one basic concept of†¦show more content†¦Karl Vesper created and Interest Group on Entrepreneurship in 1974. The group was part of the Division of Business Policy and Planning. It was a small group until 1987 when it became the base of interest groups whic h has a big influence on today. The International Symposium of Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development helped others to learn and grow from their experiences that have worked and had not worked for them. Established in 1978 the Academy if Distinguished Entrepreneurs became the leader of other programs. The Small Business Administration, which involved students and Small Business Intuition Directors Association, which included Teachers both supported the growth of entrepreneurship since â€Å"entrepreneurial study is early in the developing stage as academic discipline â€Å"(79). Most schools lack support and often teach other subjects in addition to entrepreneurship like management. Teachers are often found to practice management because they have a better understating than doing research. Entrepreneur class is on the rise, in 1967 there were fewer than 10, rose to 173 by 1980 and gained 197 in 1993 to 370 (Scales 77-79). Today, more people than ever are interested in entrepr eneurship, from the everyday people to business oriented. To business leaders, the change from entrepreneurs to business heroes is honorable. In a survey by USA Today, they found 47% of women chose entrepreneur over a tour guide or novelist and 38% of men who chose entrepreneurShow MoreRelatedEntrepreneurship Is The Process Of Starting A Business Or Other Organization1136 Words   |  5 PagesEntrepreneurship is the process of starting a business or other organization. The entrepreneur develops a business model, acquires the human and other required resources, and is fully responsible for its success or failure. Entrepreneurship operates within an entrepreneurship environment. The word entrepreneur is French and, literally translated, means â€Å"between-taker† or â€Å"go-between.† The definition of entrepreneurship has evolved over time as the world’s economy has changed as well. In 1934, SchumpeterRead MoreInnovation in an Entrepreneurial Organization1859 Words   |  7 Pagesthe size, competition and industry structure to achieve entrepreneurial excellence. At one end of this option spectrum lies focused initiatives covering specific parts of the organization and at the other, initiatives that attempt to breathe entrepreneurship across the organization. 1. Entrepreneurial behavior in small and large organizations Definition of Entrepreneurial behavior Entrepreneurial behavior has been defined as the study of human behavior involved in identifying and exploitingRead MoreHolding The World Of Your Hands1541 Words   |  7 Pagesit every day. Entrepreneurs turn their dreams and imagination into reality through the creation and operation of a business. The world is in crucial need of entrepreneurs now more than ever, especially since it is developing at such a rapid pace. Without new inventions sprouting, the world’s needs will not be fulfilled, as there are simply not enough changes to be provided. Changing the world is not easy because entrepreneurship is one of the most risky careers that can be chosen, both financiallyRead MoreImproving Entrepreneurship At Canad Recommendations1636 Words   |  7 PagesImproving Entrepreneurship in Canada – Recommendations Although Canada currently ranks within the top 5 countries for the number of start-up businesses, there are a number different actions Canadian policymakers can take in order to stimulate entrepreneurial activity and productivity. Canada’s global rank in terms of entrepreneurial does not take into account the lifespan of each venture. As of 2006, only 51% of new business ventures make it past five years (Parsley Djukic, 2010). With this inRead MoreCharacteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs1015 Words   |  5 PagesCharacteristics of successful entrepreneurs An entrepreneur is someone with the capacity to lead a business to success and is willing to take the risks in order to accomplish their goals. (Dollonger, 2002). Starting a new business is an example of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs are very important in order for any business to succeed, however, only some entrepreneurs will succeed in life. Here are some of the characteristics of successful entrepreneurs. Passion Most successful entrepreneurs are haveRead MoreCreativity And Innovation As The Driving Power Of Entrepreneurship1610 Words   |  7 Pagesfuture risks stagnate or disappear. To prevent and conversely, grow, it requires the ability to generate different and original things, i.e. creativity, not only to solve problems or issues that negatively affect the company but to investigate new approaches to management that allow find, build or seize opportunities to survive and progress (Hamidi, Wennberg Berglund, 2008). The aim of this research will be to analyse how creativity and innovation as the driving power of entrepreneurship. UsuallyRead MoreEntrepreneurial Success737 Words   |  3 Pagesentrepreneur? In the book Small Business Management: An Entrepreneurial Emphasis, the authors portray an entrepreneur as confident of his or her abilities, as a risk taker because often they use their own cash, because if they have left a secure position with a company they are placing their family at some risk albeit the kinds of risks an entrepreneur takes is considered moderate (Longenecker, et al, 2005, p. 16). Moreover, the authors offer six categories to describe the traits, skills, andRead MoreHow Do Entrepreneurs Run And Grow Their Businesses?3371 Words   |  14 Pagesdifferent aspects of entrepreneurships. Although there are many different things you can talk about involving entrepreneurship, we chose to focus on three topics. The three topics discussed in this paper are: 1. Who becomes an entrepreneur? What are their skills sets or Psychological make-up? 2. What is an entrepreneur? 3. How do entrepreneurs run and grow their businesses? After research on all these topics we determined that anyone can become an entrepreneur, entrepreneurship has many differentRead MoreWeek 81499 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Week 8 - Lesson 8 Reading Assignment Read Chapter 13: Strategic Control Read Chapter 14: Innovation and Entrepreneurship Review PowerPoint slides for Chapters 13 and 14 Lesson Activity Discussion Questions (DQ).  Please post in the Discussion Forum by this week  Friday 11:59 P.M. (PST). 1. Why is strategic control important in the strategy implementation process? What are the four major types of strategic control? What are the pros and cons of each? 2. The balanced scoreboard approach has gainedRead MoreWeek 81530 Words   |  7 PagesWeek 8 - Lesson 8 Reading Assignment Read Chapter 13: Strategic Control Read Chapter 14: Innovation and Entrepreneurship Review PowerPoint slides for Chapters 13 and 14 Lesson Activity Discussion Questions (DQ).  Please post in the Discussion Forum by this week  Friday 11:59 P.M. (PST). 1. Why is strategic control important in the strategy implementation process? What are the four major types of strategic control? What are the pros and cons of each? 2. The balanced scoreboard approach has gained popularity

Cavin Kare †History Future Free Essays

string(102) " sales rose to Rs 1 crore \(Rs 10 million\) a month! Each idea of ours was rewarded by our customers\." It is the story of David taking on Goliath. A small company having its base in Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu, is now taking on the multinationals of the FMCG world. The Levers of the world now have competition breathing down their necks, from an all too Desi company, CavinKare. We will write a custom essay sample on Cavin Kare – History Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pioneers in the field of sachet revolution, and mass marketing in rural areas, CavinKare has grown from a Rs 15,000 venture to a company making a turnover of Rs 700 crores . Year of Establishment : 1983 Chairman and Managing Director of CavinKare : Mr. C K Ranganathan History of Mr. C K Ranganathan : Ranganathan’s journey, which started from a small town of Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu, has been an amazing one. A business which he started with only with Rs 15,000 is now worth Rs 500 crore (Rs 5 billion). He learnt the first entrepreneurial lessons from his father, Mr.Chinni Krishnan, who started a small-scale pharmaceutical packaging unit, before moving on to manufacture pharmaceutical products and cosmetics. His father was his inspiration. His father, Mr. Chinni Krishnan, an agriculturist, was also into pharmaceutical business. As he was poor in academics, his father wanted him to either do to either do agriculture or start a business. His siblings were good in studies — two of them became doctors and another a lawyer. He was the odd one out. While his siblings studied in English medium schools, he was put in a Tamil medium school.He used to suffer from an inferiority complex because of his poor academic record. Studies did not interest him, but rearing pets did. When he was in the fifth standard, he had a lot of pets — more than 500 pigeons, a lot of fish and a large variety of birds. He used to earn his pocket money out of pet business at that time. Perhaps, the entrepreneurial spirit in him showed its first streak. His father died as he entered college. He had come out with the sachet concept a couple of years prior to his demise. He felt liquid can be packed in sachets as well. When talcum powder was sold only in tin containers, he was the one who sold it in 100 gm, 50 gm and 20 gm packs. When Epsom salt came in 100 gm packets, his father brought out salt sachets of as low as 5 gm. Their marketing strategy is to make, what the coolies want and the rickshawpullers want to use. He wants to make his products affordable to them,’ he says. Selling things in sachets is his motto and as he says, ‘this is going to be the product of the future. ‘ But his father could not market the concept well. He moved from one innovation to another but never thought of marketing strategies. He was a great innovator, but a poor marketer. Joining the family business after his father’s death, his brothers took charge of the family business. In 1982, when he joined them after his studies, they had launched Velvette Shampoo. Within eight to nine months, he left the business because my ideas clashed with theirs. As he was in the manufacturing unit, he did not know anything about marketing or finance. But, his inferiority complex notwithstanding, he was somehow confident of doing business better. He had left his brothers saying that he did not want any stake in the property or business. That was a defining moment for him. He had saved Rs 15,000 from his salary and that was all he had. Yet he was confident of achieving success. He did not feel anything about riding a bicycle after having got used to cars. For a week, he could not make up my mind as to what business to do. He knew only two things; making shampoo and rearing pets. He didn’t want to venture into the shampoo business as it would initiate a fight with his brothers. However, he decided to do the same later as he could only make shampoo. He rented a house-cum-office for Rs 250 a month against an advance of Rs 1,000.He took another place for the factory for a rent of Rs 300 a month and against an advance of Rs 1,200. He bought a shampoo-packing machine for Rs 3,000. The company began its journey as Chik India Ltd. How Chik Shampoo was born He named it Chik Shampoo after my father. The product did not succeed immediately; they learnt many things during the process. In the first month, they could sell 20,000 sachets and from the second year, they started making profits. He moved to Chennai in 1989 but their manufacturing unit continued to be in Cuddalore. It took him three years to get the first loan because banks asked for collateral.He did not have any. But one particular bank gave him a loan of Rs 25,000 which we rotated and later upgraded to Rs 400,000, Rs 15 lakh (Rs 1. 5 million), etc. The bank manager wrote in their loan application ‘This person does not have any collateral to offer but there is something interesting about this SSI unit. Unlike others, this company pays income tax! ‘ His business never looked back because he was very particular about paying income tax. Strategies that made Chik Shampoo No. 1 in South India When Chik entered the market, Velvette Shampoo was being marketed aggressively by Godrej .But a scheme of theirs became extremely successful — they exchanged five sachets of any shampoo for a Chik Shampoo sachet, free. Later, they altered the scheme — they started giving one free Chik Shampoo sachet in lieu of five Chik Shampoo sachets only. Soon, consumers started asking for Chik sachets only. Their sales went up from Rs 35,000 to Rs 12 lakh (Rs 1. 2 million) a month. When we introduced jasmine and rose fragrances, our sales went up to Rs 30 lakh (Rs 3 million) per month and with actor Amala as our model, our sales rose to Rs 1 crore (Rs 10 million) a month! Each idea of ours was rewarded by our customers. You read "Cavin Kare – History Future" in category "Papers"There has been no looking back since then. Our market share increased and in 1992, we became the numero uno in South India. It took nine years for him to overtake his brothers’ business. How Chik Shampoo conquered the rural market Multinational companies sold products in big bottles and not in sachets and they sold only from fancy stores. They did not look at the small kirana stores, nor did they look at the rural market. They went to the rural areas of South India where people hardly used shampoo. They showed them how to use it. They did live demonstration on a young boy.They asked those assembled to feel and smell his hair. Next they planned Chik Shampoo-sponsored shows of Rajniknath’s films. They showed our advertisements in between, followed by live demonstrations. They also distributed free sachets among the audience after these shows. This worked wonders in rural Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. After every show, Their shampoo sales went up three to four times. Today, the Indian rural market is growing at a pace double than that of the urban market. Launching Meera Herbal powder They continued with Chik Shampoo for seven years before venturing into anything else.Meera Herbal powder was actually not their idea. Shaw Wallace already had a herbal product but it was marketed very poorly. They felt there was a demand for herbal products and they made a good product. He felt they should be the leader if theirs was a good product. And guess what? In the third month itself, they topped the market. In six months, they had 95 per cent market share, while Shaw Wallace had only 4-5 per cent. How Beauty Cosmetics became CavinKare As they planned to expand to new products, they thought the name Beauty Cosmetics would be restrictive.In 1998, they ran a contest among our employees for a name and one of them suggested CavinKare ; with C and K spelt in capitals. CK,his father’s initials. Cavin in Tamil means beauty and grace. Perfumes for the poor They wanted to cater to those who cannot afford (high priced) perfumes. Good perfumes came at a huge price — they were beyond the means of ordinary people. They decided to come out with a Rs 10 pack Spinz. They were successful in that too. Shampoo market share In the last two to three years, their market share has come down though they are growing.It is mainly because of the anti-dandruff shampoos in the market. They do not have an anti-dandruff shampoo yet. From 0 per cent, the anti-dandruff shampoos have taken over 25 per cent of the market. Only 75 per cent of the market, therefore, constitutes ordinary shampoos. We hold 20 per cent of the market share. But they are the largest brand in rural Uttar Pradesh , Andhra Pradesh, etc. and they are the number one in many other states as well. On the decision to launch a fairness cream They decided to launch Fairever in 1997 as they saw a huge demand fairness cream.They are the second largest player in the market in this. Research states that when a product is good, consumers do not shift to a new brand. His team told him not to venture into the fairness cream market as the consumers were quite satisfied with the existing products. But they went to launch their product containing saffron — which is traditionally used to get a fair complexion. In six months, their sales galloped. This was followed by Indica hair dye. Two and a half years ago, they launched Ruchi pickles in sachets and they became number one there too.They sell close to 5,000 tonne of pickles per annum. They hope to double this in two to three years. Food is a huge market and they have understood that. Their target is to be a Rs 1,500 crore (Rs 15 billion) company in another three years. CSR activities 1)CavinKare Ability Foundation awards for physically disabled achievers. He stayed as a tenant at Mrs. Jayashree Ravindran’s place (the woman who started the Ability Foundation). Once, she said she wanted to start a magazine for the disabled. Though she did not ask for sponsorship, he gave her a cheque of Rs 25,000.He also became one of the Foundation’s founder members. Once they came to know about the disabled who have climbed the ladder of success, they — Ability Foundation and CavinKare — decided to institute an award for them. 2) CK School of Practical Knowledge. It is in the process of strengthening , rebuilding and reorienting the existing system of education by introducing Life Oriented Practical Education with academics. Students are reoriented to lay emphasis on humanity, problem solving capabilities, leadership, entrepreneurship, team work and experimentation instead of the convention of learning.Acheivements ; Persona : C K Ranganathan was conferred the prestigious â€Å"Entrepreneur of the year award† by â€Å"The Economic times† in 2004. CKR’s personal philosophy is his trust in people and passion for creating a seamless organization. He always leads from the front. He is very quick in giving his views and decisions. He likes to raise the bars of performance after his colleagues accomplish milestones. This in turn has a cascading effect transforming the whole organization to be nimble footed and agile. Group Companies : Trends in vogue : Trends In Vogue Pvt. Ltd. a group Company of CavinKare came into being in July 2002 with a clear-cut focus on providing personal styling and beauty solutions to everyone in the family. The Company has pioneered the concept of ‘Family Salons’ in India with its specialist brands – LimeLite, and Green Trends. With a team of professionals, highly qualified cosmetologists and hair care specialists from its in-house institution, Trends Academy and with the skill base of the CavinKare R;D team, Trends In Vogue offers a range of Cosmetic treatments including those made from â€Å"natural† ingredients.Realising that there was a need gap in the grooming industry, the Company has two separate chains, catering to assorted wallet sizes. Green Trends has a range of men’s and women’s Salons aimed at the middle class. Limelite is the premium brand of Salons targeting upper crust men, women and kids to ensure that it offers ‘an international standard beauty care’ to its c ustomers. They use various products from different brands at these Salons, including those that do not belong to them. The objective is to give the consumer a service suitable for them.Trends Academy Trends Academy is the first of its kind Beauty training institution in South India. It has brought professionalism and credited recognition to people who wished to make beauty a profession. Creating careers in the field of beauty and styling, Trends Academy has ushered in a comprehensive approach with in-depth focus on theory and techniques. The emphasis of the academy is to train their students to acquire soft skills and etiquette as well as the technical skills related to beauty and styling.Excellent facilities, latest equipment, spacious classrooms and practice areas offer â€Å"hands-on† experience to each student. Other facilities include Video demonstration, practice labs and practical exposure in our Parlors. The academy has tie ups with City ; Guilds from UK and Wella, one of the leading international beauty suppliers from Germany, to train the students in beauty treatment with international standard. The academy admits students based on a personal screening and interview. Once the students successfully complete the specified course, and the best get offered a job at our Salons Green Trends and Limelite.Two Major Brands under Trends In Vogue †¢Limelite †¢Green Trends Limelite In an age where a premium is placed on looking and feeling good, and the desire to be attractive is on the rise in India, Limelite,a Lifestyle Salon, which offers you a complete grooming experience you would never forget. Limelite has a spacious and an inviting ambience, talented and trained aestheticians, who are committed to deliver outstanding service with personalised attention. So when you walk out, you have the satisfaction of having been treated by the best.An Upmarket Unisex Salon with Spa facilit ies, Limelite is the only such combo experience to suit your lifestyle. Limelite offers a wide range of new-age hair dos, facials, body massage and hair styling and colouring services. The Salon also offers oxygen therapy, aromatherapy, expert counselling, skin care, make-up, hair and foot spa, colouring and an extensive array of body treatments. In addition Limelite has exotic unique services such as Pina Colada Manicures and Pedicures, Choco dip Pedicures, Body Wrap, Milk Bath, Mango Butter Facial and Baby corn Butter Scrubs to pamper you.It has a separate ladies private studio and an exclusive kid’s colourful section with staff especially trained. All services are offered by trained and certified personnel. Bored with gifting loved ones nicely wrapped conventional gifts ? Limelite also offers gift vouchers of different denominations which can be used for the beauty or spa treatment at Limelite. Currently Limelite has outlets in many locations in Chennai, Bangalore and Delhi and we plan to expand to become India’s leading chain of unisex Salons. So come, indulge yourself in a lifetime grooming experience and we, at Limelite, believe, we‘ll have you coming back for more! Green Trends From neighbourhood Parlour to a more professional branded Salon, Green Trends is a Family Beauty Salon which focuses on personal attentive grooming with an accent on natural products at an affordable price. The Salon is spacious, the interiors, well designed, with a spa room and a steam bath. While the men’s and women’s sections have been conveniently separated, there is a special area reserved for kids.Green trends believes in making you beautiful ‘Naturally beautiful from head to toe’ with its passion for delivering beauty naturally. They have a panel of experts who will answer queries on beauty, skin care and personal grooming. Staffs are Cosmetologists and specialist beauty care professionals trained by international experts at the Trends Academy of Aesthetics. Located in different residential pockets in Chenn ai, and Bangalore, Green Trends is the most popular destination for family grooming. SWOT Analysis for Cavinkare IndiaStrengthsWeaknesses †¢ Ability to understand local market †¢ Strong distribution network1300 Stockists well organized. †¢ Strong in shampoo segment. †¢ Strong product portfolio with Brands like chick, nyle which are best sellers in southern India. †¢ Ability to cater unpenetrated rural market where again chick brand is the leader. †¢ Strong RD †¢ Strong marketing team. †¢ Not having world wide operations. †¢ Not having strong products in the to hair colors segment. †¢ Not having strong products in the hair oil segment. OpportunitiesThreats Can to go for more vertical mergers so as to tap more market mostly in the northern zone where the reach is still weak. †¢ can go for more acquisition so as to increase their reach both in local and global market†¢ More and more FMCG companies are coming toIndia, so company might loose share within their strong shampoo segment. †¢ Shampoo market is getting saturated so need to find other segments where opportunity is high like hair color, hair dye etc. Outline of Future : 1)International business division was formed in 1999 to take the brands of CavinKare beyond the boundaries of India.Currently, CavinKare is marketing its brands across 12 countries including Srilanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Singapore, USA and GCC Countries. In a significant move towards geographical expansion high potential markets like Egypt, Nigeria, and United Kingdom are also being considered for entry. 2)The company plans to take on fast food multinational corporations (MNCs) such as McDonald’s Corp. not just in India, but also overseas with a multi-cuisine fast food restaurant format that it is currently testing.In July 2009, CavinKare decided to study the fast food business by opening its first outlet, branded CK’s Foodstaurant, in Puducherry. The restaurants are branded CK’s Foodstaurant, like CavinKare, a play on the name of the founder. The menu for the chain in India will be a combination of Indian fare such as idlis, dosas and sandwiches, and American favourites such as burgers and fries, but the restaurants will take on a slightly different avatar overseas. 3)Revenue Growth : The family-owned CavinKare logged sales of Rs700 crore in 2008-09 and expects to nearly double its sales to Rs1,500 crore in 2009-10, How to cite Cavin Kare – History Future, Papers

Transgender and People free essay sample

The prevalence of transsexuals varies across countries, it is speculated that cultural factors and social convention play an important role in determining the number of transsexuals who choose to themselves and be counted. In Singapore, the prevalence of transsexuals is 1:2900 for male to female and 1:8300 whereas in Netherlands, it is 1:11,900 for male to female and 1:30,400 for female to male. (Cuypere, Hemelrijck, Michael, Carael, Heylens, Rubens, Hoebeke, Monstrey; 2006) Transsexuals suffer from legal discrimination in many part of Asia. While it is possible for post operative transsexuals to legally change their sex in Philippines and some part of China, it is not possible in Hong Kong. Post operative transsexuals are transsexuals who have undergone a sex reassignment surgery. Currently the United Kingdom has been hailed as the leader in human rights for transsexuals and transgender people with the passage of the Gender Recognition Act in 2004. The law legislates that sex reassignment surgery and hormonal therapy are not required before one can legally change their sex in the United Kingdom. (Sharpe, 2009) Currently in Canada, gender identity and gender expression are not explicitly protected from discrimination on a federal level as well as in Ontario. (Xtra, May 17, 2010) In 2008, the Ontario government reinstated public funding for sex reassignment surgery for an average of 8 to 10 people per year; British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Saskatchewan also provide public funding for sex reassignment surgery. (Bird, The Ottawa Citizen, 2008) According to the Journal of Association of nurses in AIDS Care, Trans is an umbrella term that includes transsexuals transitioned, transgender, gender queer people and two spirited people, encompassing a diverse group of people whose gender identity or expression not normally expected. (Bauer, Hammond, Travers, Kaay, Hohenadel and Boyce, 2009) Gender identity is unrelated to sexual orientation, transsexuals are people whose identified gender is in contrast with their biological sex assigned at birth. (American Psychological Association, 2009) The World Professional Association for Transgender Health is responsible for developing the Standards of Care for hormonal and surgical sex reassignment of Gender Dysphonic persons. The guidelines is still regularly updated to serve the evolving psychological, medical and surgical needs for individuals with GID. The guidelines allow youths with parental consent to undertake reversible medical intervention to masculine or feminize their body before the onset of puberty; sex reassignment surgeries are recommended for those who have at least reached the age of 18 and have lived in their identified gender role for two years. (Beh Pietsch, 2004) Transsexuals can change their body through all , any or none of the following: sex hormones, electrolysis , plastic surgery, or sexual reassignment. (Transproud, 2009)) Grossman, D` Augellli, and Salter (2006) reported that the mean age of which transgender youth become aware of their gender identity is 10. 4 year. Transgender youth often face victimization, and experience verbal and physical harm by peers, siblings, parents and or stepparents; as a result, many face homelessness, sexual exploitation and substance abuses. Transgender youths are also particularly at risks for high rates of daily stressors, substance abuse, unprotected anal intercourse, needle sharing, risk of migrating silicon and sexual victimization. (Garofalo et al. , 2006) Trans adults face severe marginalization, and often experience unstable employment and housing, as well as a disproportionately high rates of violence, harassment, and discrimination in workplaces, schools and child welfare system. An estimated of 27.6 percent of trans women in North America is infected with HIV according to a recent meta analysis (Herbst et al. , 2008) and another 65 percent of trans people have contemplated suicide from one of the largest trans focused studies done so far. (Xavier et al. , 2007) The Trans PULSE project, which has been approved by the research ethics board at the University of Western Ontario, seeks to gather information about the health of trans people in Ontario, it is divided into three phases with the  last phase yet to be completed. The conclusion drawn from the project so far concluded that there trans people and their experience are often rendered invisible by health care services and providers due to the assumption that everyone is non trans and the lack of knowledge and willingness to acquire and incorporate information about trans people in research studies , textbooks and resources. (Bauer, Hammond, Travers, Kaay, Hohenadel and Boyce, 2009) According to an assessment study on behalf of the AIDS Committee of Toronto, many members of the trans community face many difficulties, such as the high rate of HIV, lack of access to medically prescribed hormones? lack of safer sex materials, insufficient health care and social services, as well as both intentional and unintentional misuse of pronoun and social marginalization. (Bauer, Hammond, Travers, Kaay, Hohenadel and Boyce, 2009) According to the research team at Trans PULSE, their objective is to give †the most statistically accurate picture of trans people possible in Ontario. † (Bauer, Boyce, Coleman, Kaay, Scanlon, Travers, 2010) One of the key findings of Trans PULSE is that there is almost an equal ratio of male to female individuals and female to male individuals; another key finding is that while a high percentage of research participants, 36 percent, have a university or college degree, only a total of 7 percent earned over 80,000 dollar annually while most are living below poverty line, with 50 percent of participants making less than 15,000 and 21 percent making between 15,000 to 29,999. Rejecting equal protection claim brought by pre-operative male-to-female transsexual based on evidence that Colorado provided hormone therapy to non-transsexual prisoners with low hormone levels and to post-operative male-to-female transsexuals); White v. Farrier, 849 F. 2d 322 (8th Cir. 1988) (holding that male-to-female transsexual prisoner is not entitled to cross-dress or wear cosmetics and does not have a constitutional right to hormone therapy); Meriwether v. Faulkner, 821 F. 2d 408 (7th Cir. 1987), cert. denied, 484 U. S. 935 (1987) (holding that transsexual prisoner is constitutionally entitled to some type of medical treatment for diagnosed condition of transsexualism, but she â€Å"does not have a right to any particular type of treatment, such as estrogen therapy†); Jones v. Flannigan, 1991 U. S. App. LEXIS 29606 (7th Cir. 1991) (same); Supre v. Ricketts, 792 F. 2d 958 (10th Cir. 1986) (same); Lamb v. Maschner, 633 F. Supp. 351 (D. Kansas 1986) (holding that transsexual prisoner had no right to hormone therapy). See also Cuoco v. Mortisugo, 222 F. 3d 99 (2nd Cir. 2000) (holding officials entitled to immunity against claim by transsexual pre-trial detainee who was denied hornomes). 2. See South v. Gomez, 211 F. 2d 1275, 2000 WL 222611 (9th Cir. 2000) (finding 8th Amendment violation where a prisoner’s course of hormone treatment was abruptly cut off after being transferred to a new prison). Cf. Kosilek v. Nelson, 2000 WL 1346898, at * 3 (D. Mass. 2000) (assuming without deciding that transsexualism is a serious medical need, but finding insufficient evidence of deliberate indifference). Cf. Wolf v. Horn, 130 F. Supp. 2d 648 (D. Pa. 2001) (noting that abrupt termination of prescribed hormonal treatment by a prison official with no understanding of Wolfe’s condition, and failure to treat her severe withdrawal symptoms or after-effects, could constitute â€Å"deliberate indifference†). 3. See also Phillips v. Michigan Department of Corrections, 731 F. Supp. 792 (W. D. Mich. 1990), aff’d, 932 F. 2d 969 (6th Cir. 1991) (granting preliminary injunction directing prison officials to provide estrogen therapy to a pre-operative transsexual woman who had been taking estrogen for several years prior to her transfer to a new prison and distinguishing failure â€Å"to provide an inmate with care that would improve his or her medical state, such as refusing to provide sex reassignment surgery† from â€Å"[t]aking measures which actually reverse the effects of years of healing medical treatment†). By Joe Lunievicz From Body Positive November 1996 Perception is everything. Are you a boy or a girl? Blue or pink? People view you as male or female, and this view is crucial to the way our society thinks, identifies, categorizes and defines each other. Its woven into the fabric of our daily existence, and God help anyone who challenges this two-party, male/female system. History has shown that you will be beaten verbally, spiritually, emotionally and/or physically if you challenge it. 4. Rosalyne Blumenstein, Director of the Gender Identity Project (GIP) at the Lesbian and Gay Community Services Center, and a female of transgender experience remembers, When I was a child, I was told boys dont play with dolls and to stop crying like a girl. I thought the way I was, was wrong. Most transgenders experience a sense of difference at a very early age, and that this difference is wrong. If you dont fit into your category (boy or girl), youre going to internalize that theres something wrong with you. 5. Some transgender people defy categorization. This tends to disorient people who need to neatly define the world. According to Rosalyne, many people ask transgenders why they arent either a man or a woman, and if they are unhappy with their gender, why they dont just have a sex change? When a transgender has a sex change, people then say, but youre not a real woman or man. Nora Molina, a peer educator at GIP and a self-identified Hispanic transexual woman adds, We are looked at as neither female nor male . . . we are treated like a foreign entity, a freak of nature. (Note: Rosalyne explained that one s in the word transsexual has been dropped to depathologize the word, and to empower and embrace the community). GIP, along with many other service providers, uses the term transgender as an umbrella term encompassing a diversity of gender expression including drag queens and kings, bi-genders, crossdressers, transgender people and transexuals. Advertisement 1. Transexuals are defined as people who find their gender identity their sense of themselves as male or female in conflict with their anatomical sex. Some transexuals may live part-time in their self-defined gender. Many desire to live fully in their self-identified gender. Some undergo hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgery. 2.

Razias Shadow A Musical free essay sample

Usually, when people see the word musical, they turn their noses up. This is most often because they are teenagers with no knowledge of Broadway and how exhilarating and amazing it can be. Having seen The Lion King on Broadway, I can vouch for this myself. Yet this is no ordinary musical. This is not Broadway, nor is it the soundtrack to an actual play. Forgive Durden have come a long way since their first album, which is mostly because of three of the members leaving the band due to creative differences, leaving singer Thomas Dutton on his own. Thomas came up with a concept; a story of light and dark, good and evil, with epic characters with all different personalities. There is only one single track on this album that doesnt feature a character or in real terms, a guest vocalist. Some of these guest vocalists include singers from more well-known bands like Brendon Urie of Panic At The Disco and Max Bemis from Say Anything. We will write a custom essay sample on Razias Shadow: A Musical or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each character is played by a different vocalist, and there is a narration at the end of each song that leads you into the next, telling the story. I really feel that if you listen to the entire album in full, it is impossible to not get goosebumps or chills at the end. I urge anyone who comes across this album to not be deterred by the words a musical on the cover. This is a masterpiece of work with brilliant lyrics and music and characters and everything you would expect from a play, despite the fact that it is merely an album. Check out Razias Shadow and allow yourself to be consumed by the madness and the amazing music. If you do in fact listen to this, and are confused by the characters, you can visit www.raziasshadow.com to see the names of the characters and what vocalist from what band plays them!

Country Profile of Brazil essays

Country Profile of Brazil essays Brazil's overall strength as a state is in question because of political corruption. There is a lot of inequality and high poverty rates that are hampering the nation. The state has been attempting to rid the country of corruption but it has proven difficult especially in the past decade. Brazil's government is tightly connected to its economy in several ways and their legislative and judiciary system are also extremely important. The most important issue is facing is the racial social and economic Brazil is the only Latin American nation that derives its language and culture from Portugal and currently has a population of around 200 million citizens. It first gained its independence in 1822 when the state peacefully broke its colonial ties it had previously held with Portugal. The state then transitioned into a monarchial system for several decades followed by a transition to a democratic system in 1889. However, this installment of democracy did not last long. Long periods of authoritarian rule along with military regimes took control of the government causing internal instability until the modern day Brazilian constitution was adopted in 1988 giving the country its first democracy in decades. There are also several important divisions in the country that are caused by race and ethnicity. Historically African-Brazilians have earned less income than other races living within Brazil. African-Brazilians also suffer from higher poverty rates and homicide rates. Also, the discrepancy in wealth between the Northern part of the country and the Southern part of the country is stunning. In 1985, the southeast accounted for 70% of the countries' industrial production and 58% of the countries' total GDP. This inequality is astounding because it means that the Northern part of the country is very poor unlike the economic booming south. According to the CIA World Factbook, the Per...

The Mosque of Selim II in Edirne Research Paper

The Mosque of Selim II in Edirne - Research Paper Example The Muslim architect Sinan, considered the greatest Islamic builder, worked from the reign Selim I through that of Sulayman I and Selim II, named court architect in 1539. The mosques Sehzade and Sulayman I, and Selim II are his masterpieces of more than 300 designs ("Sinan." 1-1). The city was founded (c.A.D. 125) by Hadrian, a strongly fortified site as doorway to Greece. It was dominated by no less than a dozen countries until its return to Turkey by the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 (Edirne1-1) . What is unique about Turkish architecture is the accomplishment of symmetry using the repetition of many, often asymmetrical shapes. Sometimes they are simply repeated in symmetrical patterns, sometimes overlaid to for a surface and sometimes in design using tessellation (Walrath, John 2010). The Structure of the Mosque The mosque structure is seen below and the drawing allows one to see wonderful symmetry created by symmetrical arrangement of the various elements While the two colleges do n ot balance the aerial view, they do balance the wall against which they are constructed. In looking at this illustration one can easily see how various shapes are repeated in regular patterns, such as lines of windows, wall sconces and the shapes used for coverings and light entrance. ("Art History Test 3.") ("World Architecture Images- Selimiye Mosque (Minar Sinan).") Minarets Minarets, often used for calls to worship, are not seen everywhere, because Muslim law prohibits their construction where they may impact the privacy of individual homes (Eres and Akin 79-90). Also they are most commonly used in symmetrical patterns as in the corner pattern of this mosque which contrasts a square to the massive central dome and its many smaller repetitions. Inside Design The most striking part of interior design is the intricate painting or carving found in most mosques. Whole surfaces, such as walls, ceiling floors and even the interior parts of domes are covered with tessellations. Tessella tions are a pattern of the same shapes repeated and laid together with no gaps ("ORIGAMI BLOG  » Origami Tessellations and Islamic Design."). As in quilting, ceramic tiles can be painted with repetitive designs and then arranged to form more wonderful complex designs. The tiles are joined side by side and sometimes the new pattern creates a tessellation of tessellations. If differently shaped tiles are used, this can also allow a new design to be made. Islam and Judiaism share an aversion to creating images of animate beings. However, "the main advances of Arabian architecture were not made in the all-important branches of construction, but rather in decorative adjuncts closely related to sculpture and painting," (Reber 195). This aversion to using people in art might â€Å"explain the prevalence of calligraphy, tessellation and pattern as key aspects of Islamic artistic culture† ("Comparative religion for all human - About Islam."). There is, as a result, almost no human r epresentation in Judaic art as in Muslim art. Christianity might have followed the same pattern if it had not spread beyond the Middle East (Reber 195-6). What is really apparent is that Muslim art is not just for decoration, though it is

GENETICS AND GENE MUTATION Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

GENETICS AND GENE MUTATION - Coursework Example What meaning do these mRNA codons have for protein synthesis? Explanation: mRNA is essential in protein synthesis because it transports genetic information from the DNA contained in the nucleus to its place in the ribosome. In short, mRNA contains the genetic information needed to make proteins during transcription. The protein molecule that results from the process therefore has genetic information identical to the original genetic material of the individual (Clark, Protein Synthesis, 2007). Did the two mutations result in a change in the final proteins? If so, describe the change. Response/ explanation: All mutations will definitely result in the production of different final proteins, such as the changes caused by the three mutations in the diagram above. Specifically, the two genetic mutations above were significant. In the first mutation, the mutation coded for ILE when in fact MET should be the normal initiation code. The second mutation coded for ASP and PRO instead of HIS and ARG when the gene is normal. However, the third mutation is not that significant since UAA is also a termination codon just like UGA. Such mutations that result in significant changes in proteins may actually manifest as physiological problems in the individual later on (Clark, DNA Mutations, 2007). In general, why might a change in amino acid sequence affect protein function? Explanation: Protein function may be affected even by slight changes in amino acid sequence. This happens in protein synthesis. These changes may manifest as genetic disorders in the individual or even death (Clark, DNA Mutations, 2007). Part II Punnett Square a. Chances (%) for healthy child, not a carrier b. Chances (%) for child that is carrier for cystic fibrosis trait c. Chances (%) for child with cystic fibrosis Fill out/adapt Punnett Square: ___C___ __c___ ___C___ CC Cc ___c___ Cc cc a. Chances (%) for healthy child, not a carrier: 25% (CC) b. % for child that is carrier for cystic fibrosis trait: 50% (Cc) c. % for child with cystic fibrosis: 25% (cc) Part III: Essay How do both meiosis and sexual reproduction (fertilization) produce offspring that differ genetically from the parents? Include steps in meiosis that increase variability Include the process of fertilization. Explanation: Crossing over, or the exchange of genetic material, which takes place during meiosis is responsible for the variation that may show up in the offspring. Prophase I of meiosis is the one responsible for crossing over. The result of this particular process is the production of chromosomes, some of which have maternal and some have paternal traits. During metaphase I, there is another method of variation and this is known as the independent assortment of homologous chromosome pairs. In anaphase I, there is also variation as there is random mixed variation of maternal and paternal chromosomes. Variation is also produced through fertilization because sex cells from both parents combine in many different ways in order to form a new individual. The chromosomes of the father

Juvenile Justice- A Program Development and Design for the 21st Essay

Juvenile Justice- A Program Development and Design for the 21st Century - Essay Example To carry out a sound procedure, clear criteria are always applied to derive relevant information especially with regards to specific design techniques. In principle, the outcomes are based on notable conceptual framework. The major objectives are provided while designing a juvenile justice program. This also ensures that proper usage of internationally accepted standards is put to the fore. The practical evaluation also involves gaining the absolute results that include defining the core practical solutions to general criteria including consolidating all the working formulas. The program reflects juvenile justice program which ensures that children’s rights are protected at all times. In practice, this also implies that crime prevention mechanism is put in place to ensure adequacy in various contexts. While good practices are validly required, the concept of evaluation is thought to be fundamentally good and relevant for specific levels of management. The purpose of this progr am is to provide program evaluation process which would be relevant and applicable to juvenile justice. 1.1 Problem definition The programs are developed in order to adequately address specific needs. As such, juvenile justice programs are relevant because they are enshrined in a process aimed at controlling delinquent behavior. However, these involve prevention, reduction or elimination of these vices. Therefore, juvenile justice programs underscore various juvenile justice programs which are developed in order to reduce several levels of delinquency and also to ensure that certain attitudes related to this are controlled in order to reduce related risks. For example, the design of a program in the XXI century: the key aspects of underscoring juvenile justice is to define conflict resolution skills and improve the general perception of children. The problems related to juveniles are numerous and the attention itself reflects law enforcement agencies including the community, the jud ges and elected offices. From the level of the manager, it is important to collect data in order to establish proper mechanism and equally highlight possible trends relevant to the magnitude of the established data collection methods. According to problem identification, program managers are in a position to identify possible trends in areas that reflect possible juvenile justice control. The variety of processes required include law enforcement agencies that cover teenage pregnancy rates as well as children who are living below the poverty line. The instances that would define ways that involve getting relevant answers also involve attaining possible leadership controls and, as such, the procedure envisions improvements in terms of juvenile management. As the problem also involves getting interventions, the program requires completing relevant steps invoked as per the required attributes and as per the upcoming interventions. In particular, a number of juvenile groups require adequ ate knowledge in establishing their rights. This also requires notable attributes that would cover several aspects of serious juvenile offenders. Due to changing values, thinking and approaches, the resultant establishment seeks to fully explore notable developments as enshrined in the constitution. This, hence, ensures that there is no compromise as far as effectiveness is concerned. There is also an aspect of possible

Strategic decisions of human resource management

Strategic decisions of human resource management Introduction The intention of this report is to analyse and evaluate communication systems which impact upon strategic decisions with reference to modern-day views of human resource management within a medium sized contracting firm. Taking a look at relevant theorists views and whether they would fit in to the medium sized contracting firm model The following areas are to be analysed and considered Types of communication systems: How these impact on strategic decisions Strategic resource management overview Theorists relevant to Human resource management (HRM) How these impact on a medium contracting firm Reference is to be made specifically to theorists models (e.g., Guests 1997 model and Legge 1995) how they compare and weather they fit into the modern HR model Communication methods See Appendix 1. Within the modern working environment the problem for management and employees alike is how to select the most effective method of communicating with other individuals and groups many factors can help to determine this selection: Formal or informal content of message; Speed and delivery and response; Individual or small group or large group as receiver; Cost of communications; Availability of information and communication technology Communication systems There are many communication systems which are relied on within the modern working environment but are we sure that we mean the telephone, meetings, computer or even written these themselves have become mobile with the introduction of the mobile phone and lap top linked to a wifi network constantly giving access to internet and emails. These are the tools for communication. Communication can be broadly classified as verbal communication and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication includes written and oral communication Non-verbal communication includes body language, facial expressions and visuals diagrams Verbal Communication Verbal communication can be further divided into written and oral communication. The oral communication refers to the spoken words. Oral communication can either be face-to-face communication or a conversation over the phone. The other type of verbal communication is written communication. Written communication can be by email or written. The effectiveness of written communication depends on the style of writing, vocabulary used, grammar, clarity and precision of language Nonverbal Communication Non-verbal communication includes overall body language of the person who is speaking, which includes body posture, hand gestures, and overall body movements. The facial expressions also play a major part since facial expressions say a lot. Non verbal communication can also be in the form of pictorial representations, signboards, or even photographs, sketches and paintings Communication is a process that involves exchange of information, thoughts, ideas and emotions. Its important that the delivery of communication is received and under stood by all subordinates; this will then allow communications to play an active role within strategic decisions. Would this be relevant within a medium sized contracting firm? Most would find it difficult to operate without effective communication. Communication can take various forms as described above but all forms involve the transfer of information from one party to the other. In order for the transfer of information to qualify as communication, the recipient must understand the information conveyed to them. If the recipient does not understand the meaning of the information conveyed to them, communication has not taken place. Communication is the life source of all organisations because organisations involve people. People cannot interact with each other without communication. Internal/Organisational Communication Communication that takes place within an organisation, in addition to the usual face to face, telephone, fax or mail; modern organisations will more often than not use technology to communicate internally. Technology may be used for e-mails or a linked internal communication system such as the intranet which is an internet system designed solely for use by those working within the organisation. External communications conversely external communication is communication between the organisation and those outside the organisation. Modern organisations may design technological systems so that they can communicate with customers and undertake e-Commerce. Alternatively they communicate with other businesses through the internet or similar systems and undertake e-Business. Upward and Downward communication Downward communication is communication created by directors and managers and passed down the hierarchy of workers in the organisation. In traditional organisations this is the preferred method of communication i.e. Managers decide what the systems, rules and procedures will be and then they pass these down to employees they manage and supervise. Downward Communication can increase efficiency by synchronising organisational procedures and can ensure that everybody is working towards the same overall aims and objectives. Types of downward communication include job descriptions, appraisals/evaluations, organisational policy, and organisational systems Effective communication is the foundation for effectiveness (McNamara) experts on organisations; management and leadership avow there cant be too much communication. Leaders and managers have realised that there is a need to effectively convey and receive information, To reiterate (McNamara Carter) subordinates need to be given proper communication from managers, as this is believed to lead to an increase in absenteeism amongst workers thus effecting productivity, there should be two-way communication in an organisation. Its enviable that the Manager should have personal contact with his subordinates. He should clearly communicate goals and policies of the organization to his subordinates and should get feedback on these goals and policies. Feedback plays a very important role in the communication process. It enables us to evaluate the effectiveness of our message. Giving the subordinates chance to provide feedback is important for maintaining an open communication within the organisation. The manager must create an environment that encourages feedback Performance appraisal Performance appraisals the process of obtaining, analysing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee. The focus of the performance appraisal is measuring and improvingthe actual performance of the employee and also the future potential of the employee. Its aim is to measure what an employee does andencourage employee communications about job-related and professional matters. (Harris, F 2006)Forms of communication include coaching, counselling, training and feedback on job performance. Strategic Human resource management What is strategic human resource management? Strategic human resource management (SHRM) could be defined as a process which is constantly evolving within many organisations, and should be constantly reviewed to suite employees and employers needs. Its definition and relationships with other aspects of business planning and strategy is not conclusive and opinion varies between many different theorists Theorists views Strategic HRM is the key to improved business performance within which there is comprehensive coverage of the various definitions and approaches to HRM, strategy and strategic HRM Armstrong, M and Baron, A. (2002) Is this statement a true reflection on what is believed to be the contemporary views of human resource management? Strategic HRM is regarded as a general approach to the strategic management of human resources in harmony with the intentions of the organisation on the future direction it wants to take. Strategic HRM is concerned with longer-term people issues and macro-concerns about structure, quality, culture, values, commitment and matching resources to future need. Boxall and Purcell argue that strategic HRM is concerned with explaining how HRM influences organisational performance. They also point out that strategy is not the same as strategic plans. Strategic planning is the formal process that takes place, usually in larger organisations, defining how things will be done, Purcell, J. (2003) To simplify these statements Strategic HRM is based on HRM principles incorporating the concept of strategy. So if HRM is a rational approach to the management of people, strategic HRM now implies that that is done in a planned way. Individuals, who are highly skilled, highly motivated and have the opportunity to participate within the organization by being given tasks to undertake. However, this will only feed through into higher levels of organisational performance if these individuals have positive management relationships with their superiors in a supportive environment with strong values. All these factors will support the willingness of individuals to perform above the minimum. It also could be said that the case is made for building the worker into the analysis of HRM, on the one hand, by incorporating worker attitudes and behaviour in the study of the HRM-performance relationship, and on the other, by paying serious attention to the association between HRM and worker-related outcomes. Evidence is presented to suggest that worker attitudes and behaviour mediate the HRM-performance relationship and that certain HR practices are associated with higher work and life satisfaction. (Guest, D 1997) Models on Strategic human resource management Human resource policies and practices have been linked with strategic objectives of many organisations. A number of British academics have made major contributions to the concept of HRM and their work is summarized below. Guest, D (1991) has taken the Harvard model and developed it further by defining four policy goals which he believes can be used as testable propositions: 1. Strategic integration: the ability of the organisation to integrate HRM issues into its strategic plans, ensure that the various aspects of HRM cohere and provide for line managers to incorporate an HRM perspective into their decision-making. 2. High commitment: A behavioural commitment to pursue agreed goals and attitudinal commitment reflected in a strong identification with the enterprise. Guest (1989) believes that the driving force behind HRM is the pursuit of competitive advantage in the market-place through provision of high-quality goods and services, through competitive pricing linked to high productivity and through the capacity swiftly to innovate and manage change in response to changes in the market-place or to breakthroughs in research and development. Legge, K (1989) considers that the common themes of typical definitions of HRM are that: Human resource policies should be integrated with strategic business planning and used to reinforce an appropriate (or change an inappropriate) organizational culture, that human resources are valuable and a source of competitive advantage, that they may be tapped most effectively by mutually consistent policies that promote commitment and which, as a consequence, foster a willingness in employees to act flexibly in the interests of the ‘adaptive organisations pursuit of excellence Summary Overall a medium sized contracting firm needs strategic systems in place especially taking into account the current economic climate, situations may arise where downsizing of the company and redundancies that may be prevalent due to the expected down turn in work load. At times of high unemployment, workers are thought to be concerned about losing their jobs and hence more conscientious and tolerant of strict management they become, its important to maintain communication in this situation. As states its important in difficult times for employees to become more flexible and foster willingness (Legge, K 1995) Other areas where lack of communication creates animosity between clients and contracting firm its proven that advising client of their needs and subsequently bring the projects successfully to implementation will help secure a good working relationship. Added values such as back up service of experienced staff and well qualified staff in all the requested areas of the construction programme this fits in with Guests model of giving high-quality goods and services, through competitive pricing linked to high productivity. (Guest, D 1997) If a business has highly motivated team then success will follow, this has to be lead from the top down and strategic integration from HR is paramount in the delivery of success as described in guests theory K, Legge at first contradicts Guests theory with whats known as a hard model theory by stating that employees are a resource just as any other business resource. Thus, human resource should match business needs and help achieve objectives. Management may monitor their performances for recognition and rewards. Furthermore, organizations will always try to acquire them as cheaply as possible, and exploit them to maximise profits. This model may sound less humanistic but the objective of achieving humanism should not compromise the objectives of organisations (Legge 1995). Theorists then began to look at other types of models and agreed that a softer approach was more fitting in certain current climates Harvard Business School developed soft or developmental humanism model, also tak es into consideration integration critical for the development of business strategies. At the same time, it also emphasises on treating people as valued assets. They should be treated as human capital, which is fundamentally different from other business resources. The soft model encourages developing employees so that they become proactive in organizational development and progress (Legge 1995). Many authors question the underlying practical applications of HRM models. Similar concerns are raised about SHRM. Its managerial focus, strategic perspectives and ‘realities‘ of HR practice have been questioned by several writers (Legge 1995; Guest 1997). SHRM is certainly concerned primarily with contributing to the ‘bottom line success of an organisation, which may sometimes involve a unitarist approach to the management of employees. SHRM may also infer a ‘hard HRM focus, which does not sit comfortably with some authors. However, as Legge (1995) points out, †˜If HRM, in either its ‘hard or ‘soft guises, involves the reassertion of managerial prerogative over the labour process, the strategies of flexibility reflect and constitute a path to this, employees as both resourceful humans and human resources Conclusion The above essay has analysed and evaluated various literature of human resource management, strategy and the links between these elements. While there is considerable discussion in relation to organisations using HRM strategically with a view to enhancing their organisation performance the actual implementation seems variable. The review of the literature also suggests there is a multi layer framework in which human resource management is located. (Guest, D. 2002) The relationship between organisations and workers is increasingly secured through different forms of involvement, ranging from an alienative to a moral involvement and from compliance to commitment as the basis for the ongoing attachment. Relationship and the interaction between the worker and employer have focused attention on outcomes. These outcomes can be perceived in terms of whether they are processes, procedures or practices, but at another they can be seen to be a mechanism for securing the objectives (Manning K 2005) Bibliography Books Bratton, J Gold, J (2003), Human resource management theory Practice 3rd edition, New York. Chaffee, E (1985) ‘Three models of strategy Academy of Management Review, London. Foot, M Hook, C. (2005), Introducing Human resource management 4th edition, London Harris, F McCaffer. (2006), Modern Construction Management sixth Edition, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford Price, A (2003), Human resource management in a business context 3rd edition, London Purcell, J. (2003), Strategy and human resource management, London. Mintzberg, H. (1994), The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning, Prentice-Hall. Mintzberg, H., Ahlstrand, B. and Lampel, J. (1998), Strategy Safari: A guided tour through the wilds of strategic management, The Free Press. Whittington, R. (2000), What is Strategy And Does It Matter? 2nd edition Thomson Learning. Manning, Dr. K (2005), Strategic Human Resource Management and Performance. Internet McNamara, C 1997 (http://managementmrktng/org) accessed 10th Dec 09 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=347150 accessed 5th Jan 10 http://www.business.vu.edu.au/Mgt/working_papers/2005/wp6_2005_worland_manning. Accessed 5th Jan 2010 Journal articles Guest, D. E. 1997, ‘Human Resource Management and Performance: A Review and Research Agenda, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 263-276. Guest, D. 2002, ‘Human Resource Management, Corporate Performance and Employee-Well-Being: Building the Worker into HRM, the Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 44, no. 3. pp. 335-358. Guest, D. E., Conway, N. Dewe, P. 2004, ‘Using Sequential Tree Analysis to Search for ‘Bundles of HR Practices, Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 79-96. Guest, D. E. Michie, J. Conway, N. Sheehan, M. 2003, ‘Human Resource Management and Corporate Performance in the UK, British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol.41, no. 2, pp. 291-314. Reilly, P. (2008) Strategic HR? Ask yourself the questions.HR Director. No 44, February. Richards, J. (2007) Aligning HR with the business: two steps forward, one step back. IRS Employment Review. No 866 March.

English Society in the Nineteenth Century in Conan Doyles Works :: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Silver Band Essays

English Society in the Nineteenth Century in Conan Doyle's Works For my essay I have decided to study Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's "Speckled Band", "Silver Blaze" and "Final Problem". Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories were first published in the London magazine "The Strand" in 1892. All the stories were kept relatively short because they had to be published in the magazine. When the Sherlock Holmes story "The Final Problem" there was a large public out cry of shock and horror to the death of the character they had got very attached to over the last 5 - 7 years. His stories were of a detective genre. The Victorian period was mainly built on a class system almost pyramid like. At the very bottom there was the people who could not support themselves, e.g. Beggars etc. Further up there was the lower class that worked in the factories and could just about support them. On the same level of the lower class were the servants. The next level up was the Labourers who worked for/with the working class and upper classes. The Working class were the next ones up they were the Doctors etc, e.g. Dr Watson. The next class up was the middle class; they lived off inheritance and owned factories. Upper class owned a lot of land and factories they lived in the country. Next up were the Aristocrats, lords, ladies etc these people did not need to work, they were the ones one step down from the King or queen. Women and children of higher classes did not have to work, the children received a good education and the women stayed at home. But the lower classed women and children had to work in factories to support their families. Industrial revolution gave the lower classes a source of money in the cities, most people left the country life to live in the cities and make more money. They lived in poor housing conditions called slums and made little money, some even resorted to crime. When Sir Arthur Conan Doyle wrote Sherlock Holmes a lot of people had lost faith in the London police, as there was a lot of corruption, Sherlock shows this by showing that he is a lot cleverer than the police force. He really does show the police up to no extent. The stories are written in first person by Dr.Watson who uses his notes and memory to write them. All the stories are based on detective genre with a very big twist in the end and clues that only Sherlock picks up on. Sherlock Holmes' character fits perfectly in his class as

Fahrenheit 451: Journal #3 Quote Analysis Essay

In the quote above, Faber describes books and their content to Montag, who as started to rebel against society through books. Faber was a very special and memorable person Montag met in a park a few years back. They had a conversation in which Faber recited some poems to him and because of that, Montag knew he was a rebel; a reader. He was the only person Montag could think of that would help him in his situation. Faber is the one that uttered this quote and is, by far, my favorite character in the book. The way he describes books is so unique. He uses many figures of speech to explain books and even society. Because of this, what he says usually has indirect meanings. Take this quote for example. This quote contains metaphors and personifications that describe Montag’s society and why books are burned. â€Å"Pores in the face of life† is a personification that represents the â€Å"problems in life.† Pores on our faces are unwanted, ugly, problematic. Same with the issues in our lives. It makes people unhappy, and brings torture in their lives. People are afraid of this; therefore, they are removed, avoided. Books reveal these â€Å"pores in the face of life,† so they are removed as well. That’s how Montag’s government controls Montag’s society. Through fake, hollow happiness. The government digs a hole and buries the locked treasure box filled with everyone’s emotions (excluding happiness) and issues deep inside the hole. Heck, they even teach society to do that themselves! For the next sentence, â€Å"flowers† is a metaphor for ideas. â€Å"Good rain† and â€Å"black loam† represents creativity and imagination. â€Å"Flowers† need Good rain† and â€Å"black loam† to blossom into something grand, special, unique. But, because the â€Å"flowers† are growing on other â€Å"flowers,† they become identical to it. Each and every â€Å"flower† grows on each other until the world is covered in identical flowers. A few are different, yes, but they slowly dwindle through the influence of the identical â€Å"flowers† and the disturbance of nature those â€Å"flowers† created. Those â€Å"special flowers† may transform into an â€Å"identical flower,† or, they die. Journal #4 May 5, 2013 â€Å"†¦They were gone. The Hound was gone. Now there was only the river and Montag floating in a sudden peacefulness, away from the city and the lights and the chase, away from everything.† (Pg. 140, Fahrenheit 451) This quote occurs after Montag kills Beatty and two other firemen, as well as burn the Salamander, after his house was burnt by them. Because of that, he is now being chased by firemen in helicopters and Salamanders, and a more efficient and high tech Mechanical Hound. Montag visits Faber one last time, receiving money, new clothes, and directions from him, and then runs into the river, which carries him away to safety. The Hound and firemen then loses track of him. This quote is where, in my opinion, the climax ends and the resolution starts. It’s when Montag completes his transition from â€Å"mindless follower† to â€Å"independent thinker.† All with nature’s aid. Nature, at this moment, is shown as something that overrules technology. Even when it’s faced with the highest, most efficient technology that the humans can create, nature wins. Nature was able to bring Montag to safety from the Hound and the clutches of society and technology, to help him escape from everything that was holding him back. The peace and relaxation nature provides help Montag complete his thinking process, which was incomplete because he couldn’t really think when he was surrounded by the fast-moving, overly colorful things, people that didn’t give a damn about anything except for themselves and their happiness, and a government that’s watching your every move. Not until he was completely separated from all that was he able to accept his new self and to move on; to make peace with his inner conflicts. Even he wasn’t able to accept and make peace when he was with Faber, someone he trusted and cared for. He was wounded by technology and healed by nature.

Biography of George Washington, First U.S. President

Biography of George Washington, First U.S. President George Washington (February 22, 1732–December 14, 1799) was Americas first president. He served as commander-in-chief of the Colonial Army during the American Revolution, leading the Patriot forces to victory over the British. In 1787 he presided at the  Constitutional Convention, which determined the structure of the new government of the United States, and in 1789 he was elected its president. Fast Facts: George Washington Known For: Revolutionary War hero and Americas first presidentAlso Known As: The Father of His CountryBorn: February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, VirginiaParents: Augustine Washington, Mary BallDied: December 14, 1799 in Mount Vernon, VirginiaSpouse: Martha Dandridge CustisNotable Quote: To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace. Early Life George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, in Westmoreland County, Virginia to Augustine Washington and Mary Ball. The couple had six children- George was the oldest- to go with three from Augustines first marriage. During Georges youth his father, a prosperous planter  who owned more than 10,000 acres of land, moved the family among three properties he owned in Virginia. He died when George was 11. His half-brother Lawrence stepped in as a father figure for George and the other children. Mary Washington was a protective and demanding mother, keeping George from joining the British Navy as Lawrence had wanted. Lawrence owned the Little Hunting Creek plantation- later renamed Mount Vernon- and George lived with him from the age of 16. He was schooled entirely in Colonial Virginia, mostly at home, and didnt go to college. He was good at math, which suited his chosen profession of surveying, and he also studied geography, Latin, and English classics. He learned what he really needed from backwoodsmen and the plantation foreman. In 1748 when he was 16, Washington traveled with a surveying party plotting land in Virginia’s western territory. The following year, aided by Lord Fairfax- a relative of Lawrences wife- Washington was appointed official surveyor of Culpeper County, Virginia. Lawrence died of tuberculosis in 1752, leaving Washington with Mount Vernon, one of Virginias most prominent estates, among other family properties. Early Career The same year his half-brother died, Washington joined the Virginia militia. He showed signs of being a natural leader, and Virginia Lt. Gov. Robert Dinwiddie appointed Washington adjutant and made him a major. On Oct. 31, 1753, Dinwiddie sent Washington to Fort LeBoeuf, later the site of Waterford, Pennsylvania, to warn the French to leave land claimed by Britain. When the French refused, Washington had to retreat hastily. Dinwiddie sent him back with troops and Washingtons small force attacked a French post, killing 10 and taking the rest prisoner. The battle marked the start of the French and Indian War, part of the worldwide conflict known as the Seven Years War between Britain and France. Washington was given the honorary rank of colonel and fought a number of other battles, winning some and losing others, until he was made commander of all Virginia troops. He was only 23. Later, he was sent home briefly with dysentery and finally, after being turned down for a commission with the British Army, he retired from his Virginia command and returned to Mount Vernon. He was frustrated by poor support from the Colonial legislature, poorly trained recruits, and slow decision-making by his superiors. On  January 6, 1759, a month after he had left the army, Washington married  Martha Dandridge Custis, a widow with two children. They had no children together. With the land he had inherited, property his wife brought with her to the marriage, and land granted him for his military service, he was one of the wealthiest landowners in Virginia. After his retirement he managed his property, often pitching in alongside the workers. He also entered politics and was elected to Virginias House of Burgesses in 1758. Revolutionary Fever Washington opposed British actions against the Colonies such as the British Proclamation Act of 1763 and the Stamp Act of 1765, but he continued to resist moves to declare independence from Britain. In 1769, Washington introduced a resolution to the House of Burgesses calling for Virginia to boycott British goods until the Acts were repealed. He began to take a leading role in Colonial resistance against the British following of the Townshend Acts in 1767. in 1774, Washington chaired a meeting that called for convening a Continental Congress, to which he became a delegate, and for using armed resistance as a last resort.  After the battles of Lexington and Concord in April 1775, the political dispute became an armed conflict. Commander-in-Chief On June 15, Washington was named commander-in-chief of the Continental Army. On paper, Washington and his army were no match for the mighty British forces. But although Washington had little experience in high-level military command, he had prestige, charisma, courage, intelligence, and some battlefield experience. He also represented Virginia, the largest British colony. He led his forces to retake Boston and win huge victories at Trenton and Princeton, but he suffered major defeats, including the loss of New York City. After the harrowing winter at Valley Forge in 1777, the French recognized American Independence, contributing a large French Army and a navy fleet. More American victories followed, leading to the British surrender at Yorktown in 1781. Washington formally said farewell to his troops and on December 23, 1783, he resigned his commission as commander-in-chief, returning to Mount Vernon. New Constitution After four years of living the life of a plantation owner, Washington and other leaders concluded that the Articles of Confederation that had governed the young country left too much power to the states and failed to unify the nation. In 1786, Congress approved the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to amend the Articles of Confederation. Washington was unanimously chosen as convention president. He and other leaders, such as  James Madison  and  Alexander Hamilton, concluded that instead of amendments, a new constitution was needed. Though many leading American figures, such as  Patrick Henry  and  Sam Adams, opposed the proposed constitution, calling it a power grab, the document was approved. President Washington was elected unanimously by the Electoral College in 1789 as the nations first president. ​Runner-up John Adams became vice president. In 1792 another unanimous vote by the Electoral College gave Washington a second term. In 1794, he stopped the first major challenge to federal authority, the Whiskey Rebellion, in which Pennsylvania farmers refused to pay federal tax on distilled spirits, by sending in troops to ensure compliance. Washington did not run for a third term and retired to Mount Vernon. He was again asked to be the American commander if the U.S. went to war with France over the XYZ affair, but fighting never broke out. He died on December 14, 1799, possibly from a streptococcal infection of his throat made worse when he was bled four times. Legacy Washingtons impact on American history was massive. He led the Continental Army to victory over the British. He served as the nations first president. He believed in a strong federal government, which was accomplished through the Constitutional Convention that he led. He promoted and worked on the principle of merit. He cautioned against foreign entanglements, a warning that was heeded by future presidents. He declined a third term, setting a precedent for a two-term limit that was codified in the 22nd Amendment. In foreign affairs, Washington supported neutrality, declaring in the Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793 that the U.S. would be impartial toward belligerent powers in a war. He reiterated his opposition to foreign entanglements in his farewell address in 1796. George Washington is considered one of the most important and influential U.S. presidents whose legacy has survived for centuries. Sources George Washington  Biography. Biography.com.George Washington: President of the United States. Encyclopedia Brittanica.

The Debate Over Multicultural Education In America Essays

The Debate Over Multicultural Education In America Essays The Debate Over Multicultural Education in America America has long been called "The Melting Pot" due to the fact that it is made up of a varied mix of races, cultures, and ethnicities. As more and more immigrants come to America searching for a better life, the population naturally becomes more diverse. This has, in turn, spun a great debate over multiculturalism. Some of the issues under fire are who is benefiting from the education, and how to present the material in a way so as to offend the least amount of people. There are many variations on these themes as will be discussed later in this paper. In the 1930's several educators called for programs of cultural diversity that encouraged ethnic and minority students to study their respective heritages. This is not a simple feat due to the fact that there is much diversity within individual cultures. A look at a 1990 census shows that the American population has changed more noticeably in the last ten years than in any other time in the twentieth century, with one out of every four Americans identifying themselves as black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, or American Indian (Gould 198). The number of foreign born residents also reached an all time high of twenty million, easily passing the 1980 record of fourteen million. Most people, from educators to philosophers, agree that an important first step in successfully joining multiple cultures is to develop an understanding of each others background. However, the similarities stop there. One problem is in defining the term "multiculturalism". When it is looked at simply as meaning the existence of a culturally integrated society, many people have no problems. However, when you go beyond that and try to suggest a different way of arriving at that culturally integrated society, Everyone seems to have a different opinion on what will work. Since education is at the root of the problem, it might be appropriate to use an example in that context. Although the debate at Stanford University ran much deeper than I can hope to touch in this paper, the root of the problem was as follows: In 1980, Stanford University came up with a program - later known as the "Stanford-style multicultural curriculum" which aimed to familiarize students with traditions, philosophy, literature, and history of the West. The program consisted of 15 required books by writers such as Plato, Aristotle, Homer, Aquinas, Marx, and Freud. By 1987, a group called the Rainbow Coalition argued the fact that the books were all written by DWEM's or Dead White European Males. They felt that this type of teaching denied students the knowledge of contributions by people of color, women, and other oppressed groups. In 1987, the faculty voted 39 to 4 to change the curriculum and do away with the fifteen book requirement and the term "Western" for the study of at least one non-European culture and proper attention to be given to the issues of race and gender (Gould 199). This debate was very important because its publicity provided the grounds for the argument that America is a pluralistic society and to study only one people would not accurately portray what really makes up this country. Proponents of multicultural education argue that it offers students a balanced appreciation and critique of other cultures as well as our own (Stotsky 64). While it is common sense that one could not have a true understanding of a subject by only possessing knowledge of one side of it, this brings up the fact that there would never be enough time in our current school year to equally cover the contributions of each individual nationality. This leaves teachers with two options. The first would be to lengthen the school year, which is highly unlikely because of the political aspects of the situation. The other choice is to modify the curriculum to only include what the instructor (or school) feels are the most important contributions, which again leaves them open to criticism from groups that feel they are not being equally treated. A national standard is out of the question because of the fact that different parts of the country contain certain concentrations of nationalities. An example of this is the high concentration of Cubans in Florida or Latinos in the west. Nonetheless, teachers are at the top of the agenda when it comes to multiculturalism. They can do the most for children during the early years of learning, when kids are most impressionable. By engaging students in activities that follow the lines of their multicultural curriculum, they

The Transition from Song to Yuan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Transition from Song to Yuan - Essay Example This was a crucial Chinese era which saw was impacted by many artists including Xu Xi. His Snow Bamboo painting is a notable representation of his creativity. The Snow Bamboo painting by Xu Xi (lived in the early Song period) has been described as being â€Å"worth more than 500 pieces of gold† by historians keen on the Song era. Painted on silk using grey ink, the painter manifested marvelous insight and deep sense of realism. The brushwork (bifa) is massively compliant of descriptive detail achieving magical results. One can hardly believe that this is the creation of human hands. Xu Xi presents the painting using a reserve skill where the bamboo plants are lightened against a dark background. This technique is then reversed in some parts of the painting where the bamboo leaves and stalks are darkened on a lightened silk. This technique went on to define the Song period and many artists â€Å"return† and creatively present their contemporary work using the reserve-rev erse method. Xu Xi creatively switches between the two methods unnoticeably and carefully draws attention away. Suggestions have been proposed that he used wax-resist method to achieve this feat. However, even the wax-resist skill cannot even reach the high standard portrayed by the painting above. The details that Xu Xi technique achieves are extraordinary. The light and dark effect illuminates an incredible measure of realism. The admirer is left engrossed on the subject depicted on the picture, subconsciously drifting away from the artist’s hand.

Russo-Japanese War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Russo-Japanese War - Essay Example an itself, the danger of foreign military intervention, a crisis in its traditional feudal society, the rise of commerce, and a disaffected peasantry led to an intense internal power struggle and finally to a revolutionary change in the country's society and a thoroughgoing modernization program, one that brought Japan the economic and military strength to resist foreign nations. The opposing forces in Japan's civil war were lined up between the supporters of the ruling Tokugawa family, which headed a rigid hierarchical feudal society, and the supporters of the emperor Meiji, whose court had been isolated from any significant government role. The civil war culminated in 1868 in the overthrow of the Tokugawa government and the restoration of the rule of the Emperor. The Meiji Restoration also brought new interest groups to the centre of political power and instigated a radical redirection of Japan's economic development. The nub of the changeover was the destruction of the traditional feudal social system and the building of a political, social, and economic framework conducive to capitalist industrialization. The new state actively participated in the turnabout by various forms of grants and guarantees to enterprising industrialists and by direct investment in basic industries such as railways, shipbuilding, communications, and machinery. The concentration of resources in the industrial sector was matched by social reforms that eliminated feudal restrictions, accelerated mass education, and encouraged acquisition of skills in the use of Western technology. The ensuing industrialized economy provided the means for Japan to hold its own in modern warfare and to withstand foreign economic competition. The leaders of the new government considered national security and... The war demonstrated the defensive strength of entrenched automatic weapons and the offensive power of indirect artillery fire. Russia, in losing every battle on land and sea, betrayed ominous military deficiencies; Japan, displaying the professionalism of its armed services, vaulted to great power status and destroyed forever the myth of Western invincibility.A victorious Japan forced Russia to abandon its expansionist policy in the Far East, becoming the first Asian power in modern times to defeat a European power. The defeat of Russia was met with shock both in the West and especially across Asia. That a non-Western country could defeat an established power in such a large military conflict was particularly inspiring to various anti-colonial independence movements around the world. Japanese historians think this war was a turning point of Japan and a key to understanding why Japan failed militarily and politically later. The acrimony that occurred in Japan's society went to every class and level, and shortly became the consensus within Japan that they had been treated as the defeated power during the peace conference. The world’s major powers, nevertheless, failed to heed the lesson of how modern technol-ogy had transformed land warfare into a deadly morass. Assimilating these lessons would be bought with blood and treasure only nine years later on the fields of World War I